Lithium batteries are batteries that use lithium metal or lithium alloy as positive and negative electrode materials and use non-aqueous electrolyte solutions. It is widely used in our lives: electronic products, electric vehicles, aviation energy storage, etc., lithium batteries can be seen everywhere.
Lithium batteries bring great convenience to people's lives, but unqualified lithium batteries may have the risk of deformation, leakage and explosion during use. So how do battery manufacturers test the safety performance of lithium batteries?
For the safety performance of batteries, there are various test standards at home and abroad, such as GB31241-2014, IEC62133-2012, UN38.3 (2012), etc. Battery manufacturers will select appropriate standards for battery safety testing based on their target market and product usage.
Common battery safety tests include the following:
One: charge and discharge test
For testing the cycle life and quality control of lithium batteries.
Two: short circuit test
Test whether the battery will explode and catch fire when a certain resistance is short-circuited, and at the same time display the maximum current of the short-circuit through the relevant instrument.
Three: Needle Punch and Squeeze Test
Simulate the crushing and needle stick situations of various types of batteries during use, transport, storage or disposal of household waste
Four: burning test
The flame resistance test is carried out on the lithium battery, and the sample is heated until the battery explodes or the battery burns out, and the burning process is timed.
Five: Waterproof test (IPX1~9K)
Test whether the battery case and seal can maintain good performance in various water environments such as dripping, spraying, splashing, water spraying, and water immersion.
Six: Thermal shock test: The simulated battery is placed in a high temperature box with natural convection or forced ventilation, and the temperature is raised to the set test temperature at a certain heating rate and maintained for a certain period of time to observe the changes of battery products.
Seven: Vibration test
Simulate the vertical and horizontal mechanical forces that lithium batteries are subjected to during transportation or use, test the structural strength and stability of products, and verify whether lithium batteries are prone to leakage or damage during high-frequency vibration.